| 276 | 2 | 5 |
| 下载次数 | 被引频次 | 阅读次数 |
采用菌根形态学及分子生物学手段对采自净月潭国家森林公园的红松Pinus koraiensis、落叶松Larix gmelinii和云杉Picea asperata根系共生真菌进行了初步调查。结果表明:外生菌根形态依据不同树种表现不同,红松外生菌根主要表现为淡黄色到褐色,不分支、偶有珊瑚状分支,外延菌丝丰富或浓密;云杉菌根颜色基本为淡黄色到黄色,末端膨大或等粗,表现为弯曲状或蜿蜒状,不分支或不规则分支、偶有羽状分支,外延菌丝少;落叶松菌根淡黄色到黄色,偶有红褐色,不分支、羽状分支或不规则分支,外延菌丝浓密,也有表现外延菌丝少量。共鉴定获得共生真菌9科9属,其中红松根系外生菌根真菌2种:美洲乳牛肝菌Suillus americanus和外生菌根真菌未定种1,内生真菌3种:Phialocephala fortinii,Cylindrocarpon pauciseptatum和Phialocephala helvetica;云杉根系外生菌根真菌5种:臭红菇Russula foetens、外生菌根真菌未定种2和外生菌根真菌未定种3,Tomentella sp.1和Tomentella sp.2;落叶松根系外生菌根真菌4种:平凹盘菌Peziza depressa、拟篦边红菇Russula pectinatoides、外生菌根真菌未定种4和外生菌根真菌未定种5。该研究结果丰富了针叶树根系共生真菌的多样性,可为进一步开展菌根形态解剖学以及菌根生态学等研究提供依据。
Abstract：Morphology and Molecular biology techniques were used to the preliminary investigation of the symbiotic fungi of root tips from Pinus koraiensis,Larix gmelinii and Picea asperata growing in Jingyuetan national Forest Park. The results were showed as follows. The ECM types were different according to different host trees. The ECM of Pinus koraiensis is light yellow to brown,no branching,occasionally coral-like branching,abundant or dense external mycelium,occasionally a small amount of epitaxial mycelium. The ECM of Picea asperata is light yellow to yellow,enlarged or equally thick in the ends which showing a curved or sinuous shape,no branching or irregular branching,occasionally pinnate branching,little external hyphae. The ECM of Larix gmelinii is light yellow to yellow,occasionally red brown,no branching,feathery branching or irregular branching,dense external mycelium,occasionally few external mycelium. Total 9 genera in 9 families of the fungi were identified and obtained. Among them,two species of ectomycorrhizal fungi( ECMF) Suillus americanus and unspecified species 1,three species of endophytic fungi: Phialocephala fortinii,Cylindrocarpon pauciseptatum and Phialocephala helvetica were obtained from the roots of Pinus koraiensis; five species of ECMF Russula foetens,undetermined 2 and undetermined3,Tomentella sp.1 and Tomentella sp.2 from Picea asperata roots obtained; and four species of ECMF: Peziza depressa,Russula pectinatoides,undetermined 4 and unspecified 5 from Larix gmelinii roots. It is concluded that our results enrich the symbiotic fungal diversity of coniferous trees,and provid the basis for further research on mycorrhizal morphology and mycorrhizal ecology of coniferous forests.
[1] Montserrat Pestaa Nieto,Serena Santolamazza Carbone. Characterization of juvenile maritime pine(Pinus pinaster Ait.)ectomycorrhizal fungal community using morphotyping,direct sequencing and fruitbodies sampling[J]. Mycorrhiza,2009,19(2):91-98.
[2] De Roman M,de Miguel A M.Post-fire,seasonal and annual dynamics of the ectomycorrhizal community in a Quercus ilex L.forest over a 3-year period[J]. Mycorrhiza,2005,15(6):471-482.
[3] De Roman M,Claveria V,de Miguel M A.A revision of the descriptions of ectomycorrhizas published since[J]. Mycological Research,1961,109(10):1063-1104.
[4] Auˇc ina A,Rudawska M,Leski T,et al. Ectomycorrhizal fungal communities on seedlings and conspecific trees of Pinus mugo grown on the coastal dunes of the Curonian Spit in Lithuania[J].Mycorrhiza,2011,21(3):237-245.
[5] Agerer R. Fungal relationships and structural identity of their ectomycorrhizae[J].Mycological Progress,2006,5(2):67-107.
[6]钱晓鸣，黄耀坚，张艳辉，等．武夷山自然保护区南方铁杉外生菌根生物多样性[J]．福建农林大学学报(自然科学版)，2007,41(2):180-185.
[7]王琴，郭良栋．油松外生菌根的形态解剖特征[J]．林业科学，2013,49(2):100-111.
[8] Trocha L K,Kaucka I,Stasińska M,et al. Ectomycorrhizal fungal communities of native and non-native Pinus and Quercus species in a common garden of 35-year-old trees[J].Mycorrhiza,2012,22(2):121-134.
[9] Spake R,van der Linde S,Newton A C,et al. Similar biodiversity of ectomycorrhizal fungi in set-aside plantations and ancient old-growth broadleaved forests[J].Biological Conservation,2016,194:71-79.
[10]陈可可，宣宇．滇西北亚高山针叶林带的外生菌根调查[J]．云南植物研究，1986,8(3):299-303.
[11]唐明，陈辉，郭建林，等．陕西省杨树外生菌根种类的调查研究[J]．林业科学，1994,30(5):437-441,482.
[12]白淑兰．内蒙古大青山外生菌根真菌分布与筛选的研究[D]．北京:北京林业大学，2006.
[13]宋福强，刘远开，杜春梅，等．小兴安岭红松ECMF资源及响应面法优化Suillus grevillei培养基[J]．自然资源学报，2011,26(3):440-449.
[14]吴重华，王吉忍，杨俊秀，等．太白山自然保护区外生菌根及菌根真菌调查研究[J]．西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版)，2001,29(2):56-60.
[15]魏松坡，宋怡静，贾黎明，等．太行山片麻岩区栓皮栎ECMF多样性[J]．菌物学报，2018,37(4):422-433.
[16] Smith M E,Douhan G W,Rizzo D M.Ectomycorrhizal community structure in a xeric Quercus woodland based on r DNA sequence analysis of sporocarps and pooled roots[J]. New Phytologist,2007,174(4):847-863.
[17] Richard D. Bardgett,Wim H. van der Putten. Belowground biodiversity and ecosystem functioning[J].Nature,2014,515:505-511.
[18] Sietse van der Linde,Laura M Suz,C David L Orme,et al.Environment and host as large-scale controls of ectomycorrhizal fungi[J].Nature,2018,558:243-248
[19]刘润进，王琳．生物共生学[M]．北京:科学出版社，2018:375.
[20]张鹏．大小兴安岭地区大型真菌多样性研究[D]．长春:吉林农业大学，2017.
[21]杨秀丽．大兴安岭兴安落叶松森林生态系统菌根及其真菌多样性研究[D]．呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学，2010.
[22]罗琪珊．汤旺河国家公园森林土壤真菌多样性分析[D]．哈尔滨:东北农业大学，2018.
[23]耿荣．秦岭云杉及锐齿栎外生菌根真菌多样性研究[D]．杨凌:西北农林科技大学，2016.
[24]耿荣，耿增超，黄建，等．秦岭辛家山林区云杉外生菌根真菌多样性[J]．微生物学报，2015,5(7):905-915.
[25]宋斌，李泰辉，吴兴亮，等．中国红菇属种类及其分布[J]．菌物研究，2007,5(1):20-42.
[26]张文泉，刁松锋，孙晓薇，等．雷公山国家级自然保护区7种棉革菌外生菌根形态描述和分子鉴定[J]．林业科学研究，2018,31(5):176-184.
[27]杜海燕，常顺利，宋成程，等．天山雪岭云杉森林菌根真菌多样性及其影响因子[J]．干旱区研究，2019,36(5):1194-1201.
[28]时楚涵．吉林省盘菌目物种多样性编目[D]．长春:吉林农业大学，2016.
[29]刘晓亮，图力古尔，王向华．东北大小兴安岭地区的红菇属物种多样性[J]．菌物学报，2017,36(10):1355-1368.
[30] Dos Santos R F,Elena Blume,Muniz M F B,et al.First report of“Cylindrocarpon”pauciseptatum associated with black foot disease of grapevine in Brazil[J]. Plant Disease,2014,98(4):567.
[31]rbezTorres J R,Peduto F,Gubler W D.First report of Ilyonectria macrodidyma causing root rot of olive trees(Olea europaea)in California[J].Plant Disease,2012,96(9):1378.
[32] Jumpponen A,Mattson K G,Trappe J M. Mycorrhizal functioning of Phialocephala fortinii with Pinus contorta on glacier forefront soil:interactions with soil nitrogen and organic matter[J].Mycorrhiza,1998,7(5):261-265.
[33]王建瑞，图力古尔．净月潭国家森林公园大型真菌物种多样性[J]．吉林农业大学学报，2009,31(2):148-156,173.
基本信息:
DOI：10.13341/j.jfr.2020.1266
中图分类号:S718.81
引用信息:
[1]冀瑞卿,周吉江,马世玉等.净月潭国家森林公园针叶林根系共生真菌初步调查[J].菌物研究,2020,18(03):154-161.DOI:10.13341/j.jfr.2020.1266.
基金信息:
国家自然科学基金项目(31600020);; 大学生创新创业项目(2017405)