菌物研究

为提高玉木耳多糖的提取率，采用单因素试验考察提取温度、提取次数、液料比和提取时间对热水法提取玉木耳多糖(Auricularia cornea‘Yumuer’ polysaccharide,ACP)得率的影响，并进一步采用响应面分析法优化提取条件，确定玉木耳多糖热水提取的最佳工艺。通过自由基清除试验，评价玉木耳多糖的抗氧化活性。结果显示，玉木耳多糖的最佳提取条件为提取温度100℃、提取3次、提取时间251 min、液料比71:1(mL:g)。在此条件下，玉木耳多糖得率为10.07%，与预测值的误差仅为0.7%。抗氧化试验结果显示，玉木耳多糖对DPPH自由基、ABTS自由基、羟基自由基和超氧阴离子清除率的IC₅₀值分别为1.87,1.13,2.19和0.94 mg/mL，且清除能力呈剂量依赖性，表明玉木耳多糖具有较好的抗氧化活性。研究结果为玉木耳的深度开发利用与经济价值提升提供理论依据。

This study employed hot water extraction to isolate polysaccharides from Auricularia cornea 'Yumuer'(ACP), examining the effects of extraction temperature, number of extraction cycles, liquid-to-solid ratio, and extraction duration on ACP yield. Both single-factor experiments and response surface methodology were utilized to optimize the extraction parameters and identify the optimal conditions for ACP recovery. The antioxidant activity of ACP was assessed through free radical scavenging assays. Results indicated that the optimal extraction conditions were an extraction temperature of 100 ℃, extraction time of 251 minutes, three extraction cycles, and a liquid-to-solid ratio of 71:1(mL:g). Under these conditions, the ACP yield reached 10.07%, with a deviation of 0.7% from the predicted value. The half-maximal inhibitory concentration(IC₅₀) values for scavenging DPPH, ABTS, hydroxyl, and superoxide anion radicals were 1.87, 1.13, 2.19, and 0.94 mg/mL, respectively, demonstrating dose-dependent antioxidant activity. These findings suggest that ACP possesses significant antioxidant properties, providing a scientific foundation for its further development, utilization, and potential economic value enhancement.