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基于云南省大型木生真菌资源调查过程中采集的大量木腐菌标本，经形态学特征鉴定和分子系统学研究，描述了木腐菌新属黑革菌属Nigrochaete，以及新种竹生黑革菌Nigrochaete bambusicola。该新属形态特征为担子果一年生，平伏，贴生，干燥后呈烟灰色至灰色；子实层体表面具小短齿；菌丝系统单系，生殖菌丝具锁状联合；担子近椭球形至卵球形，纵裂；担孢子腊肠形。运用最大似然法和贝叶斯推理法，基于ITS+nrLSU基因构建的系统发育树显示黑革菌属在木耳目内形成1个单谱系，且与古革菌属Proterochaete形成姊妹群。本研究丰富了中国木耳目真菌物种多样性，为开展真菌资源保护与可持续利用提供了科学依据。
Abstract：Wood-inhabiting fungi play a fundamental role in ecosystem processes, particularly in the wood degradation and recycling of organic matter. Recognized as pivotal contributors to the intricate balance of forest ecosystems, these fungi are renowned as “key players” due to their enzymatic prowess, abling to effectively break down woody components like lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose. In this study, a newly proposed wood-inhabiting genus, Nigrochaete gen. nov. and one species, Nigrochaete bambusicola sp. nov. discovered from Southwest China are described on the basis of their morphological and molecular characteristics. The new genus Nigrochaete is an annual basidiocarp fungus: adnate, resupinate, smoke grey to grey color after drying, small and short grandinoid hymenial surface, a monomitic hyphal system, clamped generative hyphae, longitudinally septate basidia with a subellipsoid to ovoid shape, and allantoid basidiospores. Nucleotide sequences of the internal transcribed spacers(ITS) and the large subunit(nrLSU) of nuclear ribosomal DNA(rDNA) gene were obtained from the fungal samples for phylogenetic analyses performed with the maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference methods, which indicated that the Nigrochaete genus formed a monophyletic lineage within the order Auriculariales, mostly close to the genus of Proterochaete. The present study enriches the species diversity of Auriculariales in China that should benefit to protect and sustainably use the natural resources of fungi.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.13341/j.jfr.2024.1826
中图分类号:Q949.32
引用信息:
[1]董军红,张剑玲,何思源等.黑革菌属——采自中国云南的木耳目新属[J].菌物研究,2025,23(03):190-201+261.DOI:10.13341/j.jfr.2024.1826.
基金信息:
国家自然科学基金项目（32170004）; 云南省高校森林灾害预警与控制重点实验室研究项目（ZKJS-S-202208）