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综述了中国种子植物内生真菌资源研究概况,比较了裸子植物和被子植物内生真菌种类,它们都具有肉座菌目(Hypocreales),粪壳菌目(Sordariales),散囊菌目(Eurotiales),毛霉目(Mucorales)及不产孢类(Myceliasterilia)内生真菌。裸子植物内生真菌涉及52个属,既包括高等的子囊菌和担子菌,也包括低等的卵菌(Oomycetes)和接合菌(Zygomycetes)类。被子植物涉及60个属,主要为高等的子囊菌(Ascomycetes)和担子菌(Basidiomycetes),低等的卵菌和接合菌报道很少。双子叶植物涉及40个属,单子叶植物内生真菌涉及30个属,两类被子植物所报道的内生真菌只有11个属相同。裸子植物与双子叶植物内生真菌相似程度较高,都具有炭角菌目(Xylariales)、格孢腔菌目(Pleosporales)、柔膜菌目(Helotiales)和白粉菌目(Erysiphales),刺盘孢菌属(Colletotrichum)、拟茎点霉属(Phomopsis)、枝孢霉属(Cladosporium)、地霉属(Geotrichum)等内真菌,共20个属相同。各类种子植物具有自己独特的一些内生真菌。还对植物与其内生真菌的协同进化关系进行了分析。
Abstract：The researches on endophytic fungus resources of spermatophyte in China are reported.The endophytic fungi of Gymnospermae and Angiosperm are compared.They all have fungi in Hypocreales,Sordariales,Eurotiales,Mucorales and Mycelia sterilia.The endophytic fungi of Gymnospermae involve 52 genuses,including high fungi such as Ascomycetes and Basidiomycetes and low fungi such as Oomycetes and Zygomycetes.But angiosperm involve 60 genuses,including many fungi of Ascomycetes and Basidiomycetes and having very few low fungi such as Oomycetes and Zygomycetes.There are 20 identical endophytic fungus genuses between Dicotyledon and Gymnospernae.The genus of endophytic fungi of Monocotyledoneae is fewer than that of Gymnospermae and Dicotyledoneae.It includes 30 genuses and most of them are in Sordariomycetidae,Hypocreales,Sordariales and Eurotiales.There are about 10 identical endophytic fungus genuses between Gymnospermae and Dicotyledoneae.All three Spermatophytes have formed their particular endophytic fungi.Gymnospermae has formed Ambrosiella,Beniowskia,Bispora,Botryoderma,Cytosporina,Dactylium,Epicoccum,Gilmaniella,Humicola,Hyalodendron,Pleurocytospora,Staphylotrichum and Taxomyces.Dicotyledoneae has formed Mystrosporium,Trichothecium,Tritirachium and Zythia;Monocotyledoneae has formed Bispora,Corethropsis,Ectostroma,Epichloea,Fusella,Gyrothrix,Monilochaetes,Monotospora,Monosporium and Ozonium. They all have Cephalosporium,Fusarium,Trichoderma,Chaetomium,Aspergillus,Paecilomyces and Penicillium.But they all have their particular genuses too.Gymnospermae include Tubercularia,Gliocladium,Neurospora and urotium.Dicotyledoneae has Tubercularia,Nectria,Aschersonia,Verticullium,Penicilliopsis and Emericella.Monocotyledoneae include Acremonium,Atkinsonella,Balansia,Echinodothis,Myriogenospora,Parepichlo,Catenularia and Penicilliopsis.The endophytic fungi of Gymnospermae and Dicotyledoneae all involve Xylariales,Pleosporales,Helotiales,Erysiphales,Colletotrichum,Phomopsis,Cladosporium and Geotrichum and these fungi have not reported in Monocotyledon.All these spermatophyte have developed Mycelia sterilia endophytic fungi such as Phacodium,Rhizoctonia and Sclerotium.At last,the coevolution of fungi and their plants are analyzed.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.13341/j.jfr.2005.02.002
中图分类号:Q948.122.3;
引用信息:
[1]朱国胜,桂阳,黄永会,刘作易.中国种子植物内生真菌资源及菌植协同进化[J].菌物研究,2005(02).DOI:10.13341/j.jfr.2005.02.002.
基金信息:
贵州省中药现代化科技产业开发专项项目[黔科合中药专字(2003)45号,黔科合中药专字(2004)17号];; 贵州省农业科学院重点项目[黔科合农字(2003)06号]